This study, conducted by the Polymer Physical Chemistry Laboratory at the University of Chile, analyzed the impact of Powder House’s Vitreous Transformation Process on the binding compounds present in grape pomace, with the aim of understanding their degradation and the implications for the structure of the vitreous biomaterial and the behavior of the resulting powder. Using spectroscopic (ATR-FTIR and UV-Vis), thermal (TGA), water absorption, contact angle, and porosity analyses, the report confirms that the Vitreous Transformation Process partially degrades phenolic compounds—such as anthocyanins and flavonoids—which are key contributors to microparticle cohesion via hydrogen bonding, dipole–dipole interactions, and π–π stacking. The ultrafine powder developed by Biograpes SpA exhibited higher levels of extractable anthocyanins (UV-Vis), despite some thermal degradation. Additionally, the vitreous biomaterial showed higher porosity (39.8%) and faster initial water absorption compared to untreated raw pomace (28.9%), reinforcing its functional fragility. The study concludes that the controlled degradation of native binding compounds results in a granulated architecture that is more amenable to particle size reduction and functionally more accessible. These findings validate the Vitreous Transformation Process as an engineering method for redesigning agro-industrial biomaterials without the need for synthetic additives or binders.
